Molecular mechanisms of HIV latency
نویسندگان
چکیده
منابع مشابه
Molecular mechanisms of HIV latency
Historical perspective AIDS first came to public attention in 1981 (1) and represented an acquired immunodeficiency, which invariably led to the demise of the infected individual. Thus, whatever the transmissible agent, the immune system could not eliminate the infection. HIV, which proved to be a retrovirus of the lentivirus family, was identified as the causative agent two years later (2). Th...
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Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has limited the replication and spread of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). However, despite treatment, HIV infection persists in latently infected reservoirs, and once therapy is interrupted, viral replication rebounds quickly. Extensive efforts are being directed at eliminating these cell reservoirs. This feat can be achieved by reactivating ...
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The introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) has been an important breakthrough in the treatment of HIV-1 infection and has also a powerful tool to upset the equilibrium of viral production and HIV-1 pathogenesis. Despite the advent of potent combinations of this therapy, the long-lived HIV-1 reservoirs like cells from monocyte-macrophage lineage and resting memory CD4+ T ce...
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The major obstacle towards HIV-1 eradication is the life-long persistence of the virus in reservoirs of latently infected cells. In these cells the proviral DNA is integrated in the host's genome but it does not actively replicate, becoming invisible to the host immune system and unaffected by existing antiviral drugs. Rebound of viremia and recovery of systemic infection that follows interrupt...
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Long-lived latent HIV-infected cells lead to the rebound of virus replication following antiretroviral treatment interruption and present a major barrier to eliminating HIV infection. These latent reservoirs, which include quiescent memory T cells and tissue-resident macrophages, represent a subset of cells with decreased or inactive proviral transcription. HIV proviral transcription is regulat...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Journal of Clinical Investigation
سال: 2016
ISSN: 0021-9738,1558-8238
DOI: 10.1172/jci80565